All Hexagrams
Hexagram 28
大過
Dà Guò

I-Ching Hexagram 28

大過 Preponderance of the Great

Also known as Critical Mass

A structure loaded beyond its capacity — strong in the middle, weak at the ends. The hexagram demands decisive action: either reinforce the weak points or accept a fundamental change.

critical mass · excess · overload

The Story

A bridge carried the trade of the province, but its ridgepole had begun to sag under loads it had never been built for. The engineer could see that ordinary repair would not hold; the whole spine needed rebuilding, and the road would have to close for a season. The merchants protested. The magistrate hesitated. The engineer shouldered the cost himself and rebuilt it in three months. A season of loss; forty more years of trade. Critical mass asks for critical action. A patched ridgepole collapses; only the one willing to stand alone rebuilds.

Sagging Ridgepole
Ordinary Repair Fails
Road Must Close
Standing Alone
New Spine
Forty Years Of Trade

The Judgment

The ridgepole sags to the breaking point. It furthers one to have somewhere to go. Success.

The Image

The lake rises above the trees: the image of preponderance of the great. Thus the superior person, when they stand alone, is unconcerned, and if they have to renounce the world, they are undaunted.

Interpretation

A structure loaded beyond its capacity — strong in the middle, weak at the ends. The hexagram demands decisive action: either reinforce the weak points or accept a fundamental change. This is not a moment for ordinary measures, and the person of character may have to stand alone.

Trigrams

Upper · Outer
Duì · Lake
the joyous, open, reflective
Lower · Inner
Xùn · Wind
the gentle, penetrating, wood

The Six Lines

  1. First (Bottom) To spread white rushes underneath. No blame. Extreme caution with a delicate, important task; soft padding beneath a heavy load.
  2. Second A dry poplar sprouts at the root. An older man takes a young wife. Everything furthers. Unexpected renewal where it was not expected.
  3. Third The ridgepole sags to the breaking point. Misfortune. Stubborn loading at the centre; the structure fails.
  4. Fourth The ridgepole is braced. Good fortune. If there are ulterior motives, it is humiliating. Proper reinforcement succeeds; but do not use the repair for private gain.
  5. Fifth A withered poplar puts forth flowers. An older woman takes a husband. No blame. No praise. Revival is partial and cosmetic; no harm done, but no renewal either.
  6. Sixth (Top) One must go through the water. It goes over one's head. Misfortune. No blame. Doing what is right at the cost of one's own loss; catastrophic, but not shameful.